President Donald Trump and Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. recently advised against the use of acetaminophen (Tylenol) during pregnancy and infancy, citing a potential link to autism.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) quickly softened the guidance, recommending only that women “minimize” use during pregnancy. Experts stress that current evidence shows only an association, not causation, between acetaminophen and autism.
What the Science Actually Shows
Medical experts emphasize that while some studies suggest a correlation, no research proves that acetaminophen causes autism.
- Dr. Stephanie Morris: Warned the statements could cause unnecessary fear, noting conclusions should come from high-quality evidence, not speculation.
- Dr. Franziska Haydanek: Explained that studies removing genetic factors find no association, much less causation.
- Dr. Jodi Lindsey: Clarified the difference between association and causation, comparing it to umbrellas and rain. She added that underlying maternal illnesses may explain the observed link.
Rising Autism Diagnoses: Better Awareness, Not a New Cause
Trump claimed autism rates have surged from 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 31. Experts attribute this not to a new “artificial cause,” but to broader diagnostic criteria, earlier identification, and greater awareness. Severe autism rates have remained steady, while more children across the spectrum are now recognized and diagnosed.
Longstanding Guidance on Acetaminophen in Pregnancy
For decades, acetaminophen has been considered the safest option for fever and pain in pregnancy, compared to ibuprofen or aspirin. Doctors still recommend:
- Use only when clinically indicated.
- Take the lowest effective dose.
- Consult with a physician for concerns.
Leucovorin as a Potential Autism Treatment
The White House also suggested leucovorin (folinic acid) as a treatment. Experts caution that while small studies show benefits for some children with folate metabolism issues, it is not a universal or standard treatment. More rigorous research is needed to determine safety and effectiveness.
FDA Process and the Importance of Evidence
Experts noted that drug recommendations typically follow a structured FDA process involving large-scale studies, review panels, and safety evaluations. Announcements outside this process carry less scientific weight, and clinicians advise caution before changing medical practice.
Advice for Families
Doctors encourage families not to panic:
- Acetaminophen remains the preferred treatment for fever and pain in pregnancy.
- Untreated high fever itself can harm both mother and baby.
- Families should discuss concerns with their healthcare providers rather than relying on headlines.
Understanding Autism’s Causes
Research shows genetics play the largest role in autism, supported by twin studies. Environmental factors — such as prematurity, pregnancy complications, and developmental exposures — also contribute. Experts agree autism is multifactorial and complex, with no single cause or prevention.
